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Torino Torino is a city that looks towards the future, confident of its historic legacy of material and cultural resources.First an ancient Roman city, Torino was reborn with Emanuele Filiberto, who in 1563 made it the capital of the Duchy of Savoy.When it was raised to the rank of duchy, it was a town of 20,000 inhabitants. Rapid development soon followed, leading to the founding of the university. In the second half of the 17th century, the architects Vitozzi and Castellamonte defined the urban lay-out, characterised by a very harmonious centre and broad, regular streets. Torino thus became Europe's first mainly Baroque capital. This cohesive fabric was the framework for Guarini and Juvarra's major works.Its urban appearance is still characterised by the continuity of houses along its streets and the uniform regularity of dierent period buildings. Even after the Baroque period, Torino continued its far-sighted expansion - today we might call it a "holistic vision". This is especially true for the expansions between 1700 and the early 1800s, which respected the image of the old city and repeated it in new districts.The capital of the Kingdom of Italy from 1861 to 1864, Torino's industrial development began in the second half of the 19th century. Industry was the key feature in the city's development throughout the 20th century.Today, Torino is a city with a thousand faces: a centre of finance and industry, international trade and a meeting point - but at the same time a city pleasant to live in and one with a unique and unmistakable atmosphere.Seen from the air, Torino shows all its rationality: straight roads crossing at right angles, long tree-lined avenues, great squares and luminous internal courtyards. But it also reveals the imposing presence of nature: four rivers, the hills, parks and gardens that make it one of the greenest cities in Europe.